What is Autism? Complete Guide for Parents 2025

# What is Autism? Complete Guide for Parents 2025

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) affects approximately 1 in 36 children in the United States, according to the CDC. If you've just received a diagnosis or suspect your child may be on the spectrum, this guide will help you understand what autism is and how you can support your child.

## What is Autism Spectrum Disorder?

ASD is a neurodevelopmental condition that affects how a person perceives the world and relates to others. It's important to understand that:

- **It's a "spectrum"**: Every person with autism is unique. Some need a lot of support, others very little.
- **It's not a disease**: It's a neurological difference, not something that needs to be "cured."
- **It's lifelong**: But with the right support, people with autism can have full and satisfying lives.

## Early Signs of Autism

Signs can appear as early as 12-18 months. Some include:

### Communication
- Doesn't respond to their name at 12 months
- Speech delay or loss of previously acquired words
- Difficulty maintaining eye contact
- Doesn't point at objects to share interest (12-14 months)

### Social Behavior
- Prefers to play alone
- Doesn't imitate actions or sounds
- Shows no interest in other children
- Doesn't share interests spontaneously

### Behavior Patterns
- Repetitive movements (hand flapping, rocking)
- Insistence on specific routines
- Intense interests in particular topics
- Sensory sensitivity (sounds, textures, lights)

## Support Levels According to DSM-5

The Diagnostic Manual (DSM-5) classifies autism into 3 levels:

- **Level 1**: Requiring support
- **Level 2**: Requiring substantial support
- **Level 3**: Requiring very substantial support

## What to Do After Diagnosis?

1. **Seek comprehensive professional evaluation**: Pediatric neurologist, psychologist specialized in ASD
2. **Access early therapies**: ABA, speech therapy, occupational therapy
3. **Connect with other parents**: Support groups, online communities
4. **Educate family**: Help grandparents, aunts/uncles, and siblings understand
5. **Take care of your mental health**: Being a parent of a child with autism can be challenging

## Recommended Resources

- **Autism Speaks**: Information and resources
- **TEACCH**: Structured education program
- **Apps like Artie**: AI-assisted communication

## Final Words

Remember: your child is much more than their diagnosis. With love, patience, and the right support, they can reach their full potential.